The Icelandic Subject Matter in the Biography of Carl Nielsen
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Abstract
In 2017 a collection of letters and diaries of Carl Nielsen was published in Copenhagen. On the basis of the materials of this edition the scenario of “Gunnlaug and Helga the Fair,” has remained unrealized, is researched in the article. The scenario is compared with the Icelandic “Saga of Gunnlaug Serpent Tongue,” possessing a love line of development, and with the content of the composer’s rendition following it. The conclusion is arrived at that in 1917 Nielsen conceived of a manifestation of this plot in a drama. The main accentuation in the article is placed on the intersection of the opera’s conception and the circumstances of the musician’s private life. When the scenario was written down in his diary (1917), Nielsen was at the stage of divorce with his wife Anna-Maria. Excerpts are cited from his letters from various years connected with a wide array of feelings: love, suffering, fear of parting with the woman he loved. The turning to a tragic subject matter of the Icelandic saga is tied to the depth of the composer’s personal drama. Attention is focused on the fact that the male protagonists of the saga and the scenario derived from it – the skalds Gunnlaug and Hrafn – present a manifestation of the “theory of courage” (Tolkien) as the heritage of the ancient literature of the North and have parallels in the literary works of Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg. At the end of the article the conclusion is arrived at that Nielsen felt emotionally the Icelandic plot in the projection of his own feelings, and “the memory of his heart” was revealed in the music of the Fifth Symphony.
Keywords: Carl Nielsen, Emilia Hanssen, Anna-Maria Nielsen, “Gunnlaug and Helga the Fair,” Icelandic sagas, “theory of courage,” Henrik Ibsen, August Strindberg.
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References
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