Tatar Performers Gramophone Recordings of the Early Twentieth Century: Singer and Harmonica Player Husain Yusipov
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Abstract
This article, on the basis of the identified catalogs and gramophone records (audio materials), analyses for the first time the discography of Tatar singer and harmonica player Husain Yusipov, one of the original representatives of oral-professional activity of the XX century beginning. Gramophone recordings of the performer on discs of the company “Patheˮ and on gramophone records of various firms and companies that existed in Russia at the beginning of the XX century are considered. The novelty of the work is due to the involvement of the gramophone records archival catalogues, identified “Patheˮ discs and gramophone records of the performer, which are introduced by the author into scientific circulation for the first time. The gramophone repertoire of a singer and harmonica player is studied by kinds of performing (singing to his own accompaniment on the harmonic, solo on the harmonic, singing accompanied by an orchestra of harmonic, a quartet of Kazan Tatar harmonicas), by genres (a long song lyrics of songs of Kazan Tatars and Tatars-mishar (ozyn koi), fast urban songs (kyska koi), lyric-epic genre of Tatar – bait, new songs to famous Tatar melodies.
Especially valuable is the identification of the H. Yusipov’s authorship on some songs performed by him. In the process of auditory analysis of recordings it is examined the performing manner of the singer and harmonica player (improvisation, variation, characteristic of the oral-professional activities of Tatar folk singers and musicians), the peculiarities of using the poetic text. The revealed audio materials expand the frames of studying the history of Tatar music in recordings of the
XX century beginning.
Keywords: Tatar music in gramophone recordings, Khusain Yusipov, harmony singer and harmonica player, gramophone record, Tatar song, gramophone repertoire.
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